Achieving effective EtO abatement in problem areas like office spaces and laboratories on discrete HVAC circuits, and warehouse areas with freestanding finished goods, has been particularly challenging. This white paper discusses the performance of a new, low-power, photocatalyst-based technology for abating EtO in these settings—Sonata Scientific’s Helios^TM EtO control…

In light of recent rulemaking around Ethylene Oxide, Medical Device Sterilization facilities are considering facility enhancements that leverage state-of-the-art emissions monitoring, collection, and destruction technologies.

Join Picarro and guest industry subject matter experts from Pond & Company as they discuss what to consider when determining how to maintain…

Last updated August 24, 2024

This subsection applies only to “personal information” about California residents, as that term is defined in the California Consumer Privacy Act, as amended (“CCPA”), and it supplements the information in the rest of our Privacy Notice above. Data about individuals who are not residents of California is handled differently and…

Emissions from agriculture are a worldwide problem as it is the major anthropogenic source of ammonia, methane, and nitrous oxide. Several efforts have been made to mitigate emissions. To achieve this, reliable measuring techniques are necessary to quantify the impact of the emissions. Different techniques relying on different principles are available. Generally, these techniques…

The key to a sustainable future is the reduction in humankind’s impact on natural systems via the development of new technologies and the improvement in source apportionment. Although days, years and seasons are arbitrarily set, their mechanisms are based on natural cycles driven by Earth’s orbital periods. This is not the case for weeks, which are a pure anthropic category and are known…

Simultaneous, precise measurement of CO₂, CH₄, and H₂O for lab, field or mobile applications. This manual provides safety, contents, overview, installation, operation, GUI functions, file management, calibration, troubleshooting, maintenance, remote data access, data file viewer, and external valve sequencer information.

The PI2103 analyzer measures concentrations of ammonia (NH₃) using Picarro’s patented Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) technology to deliver stable measurements with a parts-per-trillion (ppt) lower limit of detection (LOD) and negligible drift. 

This manual provides safety, contents, hardware setup, operation, GUI functions, user & file management, Modbus,…

The identification and quantification of methane emissions from natural gas production has become increasingly important owing to the increase in the natural gas component of the energy sector. An instrumented aircraft platform was used to identify large sources of methane and quantify emission rates in southwestern PA in June 2012. A large regional flux, 2.0–14 g CH₄ s^−1…

Atmospheric concentration measurements are used to adjust the daily to monthly budget of CO₂ emissions from the AirParif inventory of the Paris agglomeration. We use 5 atmospheric monitoring sites including one at the top of the Eiffel tower. The atmospheric inversion is based on a Bayesian approach, and relies on an atmospheric transport model with a spatial resolution of 2…

Weekly samples from surface waters, springs, soil water and rainfall were collected in a 76.9 km2 mountain rain forest catchment and its tributaries in southern Ecuador. Time series of the stable water isotopes δ18O and δ2H were used to calculate mean transit times (MTTs) and the transit time distribution functions (TTDs) solving the convolution…

We present CH₄ concentration [CH₄] and the partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂) in bulk sea ice from subarctic, land-fast sea ice in the Kapisillit fjord, Greenland. The bulk ice [CH₄] ranged from 1.8 to 12.1 nmol L⁻¹, which corresponds to a partial pressure range of 3 to 28 ppmv. This is markedly higher than the…

The addition of pyrogenic carbon (C) in the soil is considered a potential strategy to achieve direct C sequestration and potential reduction of non-CO₂ greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, we investigated the long term effects of charcoal addition on C sequestration and soil physico-chemical properties by studying a series of abandoned charcoal hearths in…

Extra-tropical cyclones, such as 2012 Superstorm Sandy, pose a significant climatic threat to the northeastern United Sates, yet prediction of hydrologic and thermodynamic processes within such systems is complicated by their interaction with mid-latitude water patterns as they move poleward. Fortunately, the evolution of these systems is also recorded in the stable isotope ratios of storm-…

Accumulation is a key parameter governing the mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet. Several studies have documented the spatial variability of accumulation over wide spatial scales, primarily using point data, remote sensing or modeling. Direct measurements of spatially extensive, detailed profiles of accumulation in Greenland, however, are rare. We used 400 MHz ground-penetrating radar…

The groundwater flow systems and chemistry in the deep part of the coastal area of Japan have attracted attention over recent decades due to government projects such as geological disposal of radioactive waste. However, the continuous groundwater flow system moving from the shallow to deep parts of the sedimentary soft rock has not yet been characterized. Therefore, the Cl^–, δD…

The destructive effects of sulfate attack on concrete structures are well known, but the reaction paths and mechanisms that cause the deterioration are still under debate. The aim of this study is to contribute to a deeper understanding on investigating concrete damage by introducing a novel and promising multi proxy approach method. The methodology comprises advanced…

RATIONALE:

Low-budget rain collectors for water isotope analysis, such as the 'ball-in-funnel type collector' (BiFC), are widely used in studies on stable water isotopes of rain. To date, however, an experimental quality assessment of such devices in relation to climatic factors does not exist.

METHODS:

We used Cavity Ring-Down…

Development of cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) has enabled real-time monitoring of carbon stable isotope ratios of carbon dioxide and methane in air. Here we demonstrate that CRDS can be adapted to assess aquatic carbon cycling processes from microbial to ecosystem scales. We first measured in situ isotopologue concentrations of dissolved CO₂ (¹²CO_2…

Changes in atmospheric circulation over the past five decades have enhanced the wind-driven inflow of warm ocean water onto the Antarctic continental shelf, where it melts ice shelves from below. Atmospheric circulation changes have also caused rapid warming…

Scarcity of mercury species records in the Southern Hemisphere is a critical weak point for the development of appropriate modeling and regulation scenarios. Under the framework of the “Global Mercury Observation System” (GMOS) project, a monitoring station has been set up on Amsterdam Island (37_480 S, 77_340 5 E) in the remote southern Indian Ocean. For the first time in the Southern…

Background and aims

Positive relationships between temperature and soil respiration rate are widely observed, but it remains unclear if the relationships are due to increases in soil organic matter mineralisation (R _om), or in root and rhizosphere respiration (R _roots), or increases in both. This study aims to determine the relative…

Chemical and stable isotopic compositions (δD, δ¹⁸O, and δ³⁴S) of non-volcanic hot spring waters around the Miocene Kofu granitic complex surrounding the Kofu basin in the South Fossa Magna region of central Honshu, Japan, were analyzed in order to investigate water–rock interactions and to determine the origin and sulfur isotopic characteristics of their trace amounts…

A new method of extracting regional background concentration of CO₂ in Yangtze River Delta was established based on the observations of both black carbon concentration and meteorological parameters. The concentrations of CO₂ and black carbon were observed at Lin'an regional background station from 2009 to 2011. The regional background concentration of CO_…

Radiocarbon can be used to trace fossil fuel CO₂ (CO₂ff) in the atmosphere, because radiocarbon has been depleted in fossil fuels. Here we present our study on the spatial distribution and temporal variations of CO₂ff in Xi'an City, China using Δ¹⁴C of both green foxtail (Setaria viridis, L. Beauv.) leaf samples and…

Assessing the impacts of methane released from hydrate-bearing environments on global carbon cycling would require detailed insights into the distributions and capacities of microbial communities at different horizons of sediment column. In this study, we conducted geochemical, gene abundance and diversity analyses for a sediment core retrieved from a potential hydrate-bearing region off…

The Siberian region is still sparsely covered by ecosystem observatories, which motivates the exploitation of existing data sets to gain spatially and temporally better-resolved carbon budgets. The Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO; 60°48' N, 89°21' E) observations of CO₂ and CH₄ mole fractions as well as meteorological parameters from six different…

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) mole fractions were continuously measured from January 2009 to December 2011 at four atmospheric observatories in China using cavity ring-down spectroscopy instruments. The stations are Lin'an (LAN), Longfengshan (LFS), Shangdianzi (SDZ), and Waliguan (WLG), which are regional (LAN, LFS, SDZ) or global (WLG) measurement stations of the World…

Measurements of the ¹⁷O_excess of H₂O were obtained from ice cores in West and East Antarctica. Combined with previously-published results from East Antarctica, the new data provide the most complete spatial and temporal view of Antarctic ¹⁷O_excess to date. There is a steep spatial gradient of ¹⁷O_excess in present-…

Facilitation and competition between different vegetation layers may have a large impact on small-scale vegetation development. We propose that this should not only influence overall herbaceous layer yield but also species distribution and understory longevity, and hence the ecosystems carbon uptake capacity especially during spring. We analyzed the effects of trees on…

We report trends in springtime ozone (O₃) and carbon monoxide (CO) at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO) in central Oregon, U.S.A. from 2004 to 2013. Over the 10-year period the median and 95th percentile springtime O₃ increased by 0.76 ± 0.61 ppbv yr⁻¹ (1.7 ± 1.4% yr⁻¹) and 0.87 ± 0.73 ppbv…

Biogeochemical dynamics under seasonal ice cover were investigated in the shallow (<10 m) water column of highly productive Georgetown Lake, western Montana, USA. This high altitude (1,800 m) reservoir is well-mixed in summer, but becomes strongly stratified under ice cover (mid-November–mid-May). A rapid drop in dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and rise in dissolved…

Stable isotopes in water (δ²H and δ¹⁸O) are important indicators of hydrological and ecological pattern and process. δ²H and δ¹⁸O of water are incorporated into geological and biological systems in a predictable manner and have been used extensively as tracers in hydrological, ecological and forensic studies. Physical processes result in spatial…

An instrumented sample holder was developed for time-lapse micro-tomography of snow samples to enable in-situ nondestructive spatial and temporal measurements under controlled advective airflows, temperature gradients, and air humidities. The design was aided by computational fluid dynamics simulations to evaluate the airflow uniformity across the snow sample. Morphological and mass…

In the Ziz Basin, located in arid area in southeastern Morocco, surface waters are scarce and local populations are entirely dependent on groundwater resources for drinking and irrigation. In order to evaluate the main factors controlling the origin and salinization of groundwater resources, we have investigated the chemical and stable isotope compositions of groundwater and surface water…

The chemical and physical properties of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed by the photochemical degradation of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) are as yet still poorly constrained. The evolution of the complex refractive index (RI) of SOA, formed from purely biogenic VOC and mixtures of biogenic and anthropogenic VOC, was studied over a diurnal cycle in the…

• The oxygen isotope signature of water is a powerful tracer of water movement from plants to the global scale. However, little is known about the short-term variability of oxygen isotopes leaving the ecosystem via transpiration, as high-frequency measurements are lacking.
• A laser spectrometer was coupled to a gas-exchange chamber directly estimating branch-level fluxes in order…

In order to better understand the constraints on the use of barium as a coastal paleo-freshwater tracer, we surveyed the dissolved Ba distribution in Louisiana Shelf waters, including the Mississippi (MR) and Atchafalaya (AR) River plumes, during May and November 2008, and June/July 2009, which represent high, low and intermediate river discharges, respectively. Dissolved Ba was found…